Which Cable Use to Analog CCTV Cameras

UTP vs. Coax

In today’s market, one big question for installers in CCTV systems is whether to use unshielded twisted pair cable or the traditional coaxial cable for analog systems.  Let’s take a look at the pros and cons of both cable types.

Coaxial cable has an impedance of 75 ohms and is available in both RG-6 and RG-59 cable sizes.  The difference between the two is in the overall size of the cable and the gauge of the wire: 18 AWG for RG-6 and 20 AWG for RG-59.  Siamese RG-59 has the benefit of being assembled with a pair of 18 AWG wires for powering your camera when an AC outlet is not present near the camera location.  Due to the heavier gauge of RG-6, it will transmit video signals for longer distances.  However, take care to use RG-6 which is specifically designed for the transmission of CCTV as opposed to broadband video.  The broadband video will utilize copper-clad steel while CCTV (baseband) performs best with bare copper.

UTP or Unshielded Twisted Pair cable has traditionally been used in voice and data applications.  Its bandwidth is determined by the category rating.  Categories 3, 5e, and 6 are in widespread use in the industry.  While they are all 100-ohm cable, the bandwidth rating of the cable is determined by the construction of the cable.  To make a long story short, the twisting of the pairs their separation allows greater bandwidth.  While cat 3 cables can be used, it is not recommended for new installations.

UTP has both advantages and disadvantages in relation to the more traditional coaxial cable.

Pros: smaller diameter cable  means easier installations transmits the video over longer distances only requires one pair for video leaving the remaining pairs for power (three 24 AWG wires equals one 19 AWG wire) and or audio lower cost Can be used later for an IP camera

Cons: most UTP cable isn’t weatherproof like coax using the addition.